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Ophthalmology is a branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders.

An ophthalmologist is a physician who specializes in eye care. The credentials include a degree in medicine, followed by an additional four to five years of training in ophthalmology. Residency training programs for ophthalmology may require a one-year internship with training in internal medicine, pediatrics, or general surgery. Additional specialty training (or fellowship) may be sought in a particular aspect of eye pathology. Ophthalmologists are allowed to prescribe medications to treat eye diseases, implement laser therapy, and perform surgery when needed. Ophthalmologists typically provide specialty eye care – medical and surgical, and they may participate in academic research on eye disorders.